负(fu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)工作原理：NTC泛指负(fu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)很大的(de)(de)(de)半(ban)导体(ti)(ti)材料(liao)或元器(qi)件,所谓NTC热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)就是(shi)(shi)负(fu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。负(fu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)氧(yang)化(hua)锰、氧(yang)化(hua)钻、氧(yang)化(hua)镍、氧(yang)化(hua)铜和氧(yang)化(hua)铝等(deng)金(jin)属氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)为(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)原料(liao),采用陶瓷(ci)工艺制造而成的(de)(de)(de)。这些金(jin)属氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)材料(liao)都(dou)具有半(ban)导体(ti)(ti)性质(zhi),完全类(lei)(lei)似(si)于储、硅晶体(ti)(ti)材料(liao),体(ti)(ti)内(nei)的(de)(de)(de)载(zai)流子(zi)(电(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)和空(kong)穴)数(shu)目(mu)少,电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)较高;温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)升高,体(ti)(ti)内(nei)载(zai)流子(zi)数(shu)目(mu)增加,自(zi)然电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值(zhi)降低(di)(di)。NTC热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)在室(shi)温(wen)(wen)(wen)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)变化(hua)范围(wei)在100~100000,Ω温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)为(wei)一2%6.5%。负(fu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)类(lei)(lei)型很多,按温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)范围(wei)分为(wei)低(di)(di)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(-60~300℃)、中温(wen)(wen)(wen)(300-600℃、高温(wen)(wen)(wen)(>600℃)三(san)种,有灵敏(min)(min)(min)度(du)(du)高、稳定(ding)性好、响应快(kuai)、寿命长、价格低(di)(di)等(deng)优点(dian),普遍(bian)应用于需要(yao)定(ding)点(dian)测温(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)自(zi)动控制电(dian)(dian)(dian)路,如冰箱、空(kong)调(diao)、温(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)温(wen)(wen)(wen)控系(xi)(xi)统。热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)响应速度(du)(du)相对较慢。南京电(dian)(dian)(dian)饭(fan)锅(guo)热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)订制厂家

热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)器正是利(li)用半导(dao)体的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)值随(sui)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)明显变化(hua)这(zhei)一特性制(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)热(re)(re)敏(min)元件。它是由某些(xie)金属(shu)氧化(hua)物按不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)配方(fang)制(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)范围内，根据测(ce)(ce)量热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)变化(hua)，便可知被(bei)测(ce)(ce)介(jie)质的(de)(de)(de)(de)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)变化(hua)。将热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)安(an)装在(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中使用时(shi)，热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)在(zai)环(huan)(huan)境温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)相同时(shi)，动(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)时(shi)间(jian)(jian)随(sui)着电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加(jia)而急剧缩短(duan);热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)在(zai)环(huan)(huan)境温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)相对较高(gao)时(shi)具有更短(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)动(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)时(shi)间(jian)(jian)和(he)较小的(de)(de)(de)(de)维持电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)及动(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。当(dang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路正常工作(zuo)时(shi)，热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)与室(shi)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)相近、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)很小，串联在(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中不会(hui)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)碍(ai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)通(tong)过(guo);而当(dang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路因(yin)故障而出现过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)时(shi)，热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)由于发热(re)(re)功(gong)率增加(jia)导(dao)致温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)上升，当(dang)温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)超过(guo)开关温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)时(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)瞬(shun)间(jian)(jian)会(hui)剧增，回路中的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)迅速减(jian)小到安(an)全(quan)值。常州负温(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系数热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)报价表热(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特性曲线通(tong)常可以(yi)通(tong)过(guo)计算机(ji)仿真进(jin)行模拟和(he)优(you)化(hua)。

热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻在实际(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)应用(yong)中还是(shi)(shi)经常(chang)会(hui)(hui)发(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)些安全事(shi)(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)(de)，引起这(zhei)种事(shi)(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)两个：（1）热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)老化(hua)使(shi)它(ta)失去(qu)功效(xiao)(xiao)。PTC热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)来阻拦电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如果(guo)它(ta)失去(qu)了(le)这(zhei)个功效(xiao)(xiao)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)突(tu)然爆发(fa)就(jiu)会(hui)(hui)酿(niang)成(cheng)危(wei)险(xian)事(shi)(shi)故。由于电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)种元器件，在使(shi)用(yong)久了(le)就(jiu)会(hui)(hui)老化(hua)，不注意(yi)检(jian)查的(de)(de)(de)(de)话就(jiu)会(hui)(hui)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)事(shi)(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)(de)发(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。所(suo)以(yi)说(shuo)热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻在使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)程中一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)经常(chang)性地进行(xing)检(jian)查。（2）超(chao)高电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)使(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遭(zao)到(dao)破坏。在运(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)程中，时常(chang)会(hui)(hui)有(you)超(chao)高电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)出现，这(zhei)时由于电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)突(tu)然升高造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)(de)破坏，使(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻烧毁而失效(xiao)(xiao)，不能(neng)进行(xing)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻挡(dang)就(jiu)会(hui)(hui)发(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)安全事(shi)(shi)故了(le)。所(suo)以(yi)平时在使(shi)用(yong)热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)(de)时候一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)注意(yi)检(jian)查，较好(hao)还是(shi)(shi)要(yao)装(zhuang)上具有(you)防(fang)范作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保险(xian)丝(si)，这(zhei)样就(jiu)可以(yi)很大程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)降低(di)安全事(shi)(shi)故发(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)危(wei)险(xian)。

热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度计，或(huo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)取决于(yu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。该(gai)术语(yu)是(shi)“热”和“电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”的组合(he)。它由金属氧化物制(zhi)成，压成珠子，圆(yuan)盘或(huo)圆(yuan)柱形，然后用(yong)不(bu)(bu)透(tou)气的材料如环氧树脂或(huo)玻璃(li)封装。热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的类(lei)(lei)型(xing)有(you)两种(zhong)：负温(wen)(wen)(wen)度系数（NTC）和正温(wen)(wen)(wen)度系数（PTC）。使用(yong)NTC热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，当温(wen)(wen)(wen)度升(sheng)高时(shi)(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)会(hui)降低(di)。相反，当温(wen)(wen)(wen)度降低(di)时(shi)(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)增加(jia)(jia)。这(zhei)类(lei)(lei)热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)使用(yong)量较多。PTC热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的工作方式略有(you)不(bu)(bu)同。当温(wen)(wen)(wen)度升(sheng)高时(shi)(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)增加(jia)(jia)，而当温(wen)(wen)(wen)度降低(di)时(shi)(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)降低(di)。这(zhei)种(zhong)类(lei)(lei)型(xing)的热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)通(tong)(tong)常用(yong)作保(bao)险丝。通(tong)(tong)常，热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)在目标温(wen)(wen)(wen)度附近约50C的有(you)限温(wen)(wen)(wen)度范(fan)围(wei)(wei)内实现高精(jing)度。该(gai)范(fan)围(wei)(wei)取决于(yu)基极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。热敏(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)可通(tong)(tong)过多种(zhong)方式用(yong)于(yu)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度控制(zhi)和测(ce)量。

NTC热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)是(shi)什么？NTC意思是(shi)负(fu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系数。一般指负(fu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系数大(da)的(de)半导体材(cai)料(liao)或元件(jian)。所谓(wei)NTC热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)就是(shi)负(fu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系数。它(ta)由锰、钴、镍和(he)(he)铜等金属制成(cheng)。氧化物为主要(yao)研究材(cai)料(liao)，采用传统陶瓷生产工(gong)艺设(she)计制造而成(cheng)的(de)。NTC热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)根据(ju)结(jie)构和(he)(he)形状的(de)分类-圆片(片)、圆筒(柱)、圆环(垫片)和(he)(he)其他(ta)热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)；根据(ju)对温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)变化的(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)感(gan)度(du)(du)分类——高敏(min)(min)(min)(min)感(gan)度(du)(du)型(xing)(xing)(突变型(xing)(xing))、低敏(min)(min)(min)(min)感(gan)度(du)(du)型(xing)(xing)型(xing)(xing)（缓变型(xing)(xing)）热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)器；根据(ju)受热(re)(re)(re)处理方(fang)式进行分类——直热(re)(re)(re)式热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)器、旁热(re)(re)(re)式热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)器；根据(ju)温(wen)(wen)变（温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)环境变化）特性以及分类——正温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)影(ying)响系数（PTC）、负(fu)正温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)相关(guan)系数（NTC）热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)器。热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)在环境温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)相对较高时(shi)具有(you)更(geng)短的(de)动作(zuo)时(shi)间和(he)(he)较小(xiao)的(de)维持电(dian)流及动作(zuo)电(dian)流。常州负(fu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)系数热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)阻(zu)报价表(biao)

热(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)的响(xiang)应(ying)时间与(yu)其灵敏度和温(wen)度系(xi)数有(you)关(guan)。南京电(dian)饭锅热(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)订制厂(chang)家

正(zheng)温度(du)系数热(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻：钛酸(suan)钡(bei)(bei)半(ban)导瓷的(de)PTC效应(ying)起(qi)因于(yu)粒界（晶粒间(jian)(jian)界）。对于(yu)导电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)来说(shuo)，晶粒间(jian)(jian)界面(mian)相当(dang)(dang)于(yu)一个势垒(lei)(lei)。当(dang)(dang)温度(du)低时(shi)，由于(yu)钛酸(suan)钡(bei)(bei)内电(dian)(dian)(dian)场的(de)作(zuo)用，导致(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)极容易越过势垒(lei)(lei)，则电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值较小。当(dang)(dang)温度(du)升高(gao)(gao)到(dao)居里(li)温度(du)（即临界温度(du)）附近时(shi)，内电(dian)(dian)(dian)场受(shou)到(dao)破坏(huai)，它(ta)不能(neng)帮助导电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)越过势垒(lei)(lei)。这相当(dang)(dang)于(yu)势垒(lei)(lei)升高(gao)(gao)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值突(tu)然增大，产生PTC效应(ying)。钛酸(suan)钡(bei)(bei)半(ban)导瓷的(de)PTC效应(ying)的(de)物理模型有海望表面(mian)势垒(lei)(lei)模型、丹尼尔斯等(deng)人的(de)钡(bei)(bei)缺位模型和叠加势垒(lei)(lei)模型，它(ta)们分别(bie)从不同方面(mian)对PTC效应(ying)作(zuo)出了(le)合(he)理解(jie)释。南京电(dian)(dian)(dian)饭锅热(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻订制厂家