常见的(de)(de)D型橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)产技术有(you)热(re)压成(cheng)(cheng)形、注塑成(cheng)(cheng)形、挤压成(cheng)(cheng)形等。生(sheng)(sheng)产后，有(you)些(xie)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)进行二次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。（1）首先(xian)，并非所有(you)的(de)(de)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)都需(xu)(xu)要(yao)二次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，根据原(yuan)材(cai)料的(de)(de)配(pei)合，有(you)些(xie)可(ke)以直接一次(ci)成(cheng)(cheng)形，但(dan)既有(you)氟橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)这样(yang)的(de)(de)特殊材(cai)料，也有(you)一些(xie)EPDM橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)二次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。这些(xie)材(cai)料在(zai)一次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)时，里面的(de)(de)过(guo)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)解产生(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)反(fan)应，产生(sheng)(sheng)苯、苯甲酸(suan)等低分(fen)(fen)子(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)。如(ru)果这些(xie)低分(fen)(fen)子(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)混(hun)入(ru)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶中(zhong)，橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶的(de)(de)机(ji)械性能会(hui)下降，寿(shou)命会(hui)下降。因此，橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)制造(zao)商通过(guo)二次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)(fen)解挥发低分(fen)(fen)子(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)。（2）一次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)完成(cheng)(cheng)后，橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶分(fen)(fen)子(zi)可(ke)能没有(you)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)交(jiao)联（硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)不充(chong)分(fen)(fen)），二次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)可(ke)以使硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)更充(chong)分(fen)(fen)且均(jun)匀，提(ti)高(gao)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶的(de)(de)机(ji)械性能和(he)耐久。例如(ru)，对护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)大量使用的(de)(de)EPDM橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)进行二次(ci)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，可(ke)以去除异(yi)味。橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)安装和(he)维护(hu)(hu)过(guo)程中(zhong)不会(hui)对环境造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)不良影(ying)响。江苏锥型橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护(hu)(hu)舷(xian)(xian)(xian)费用

目前，我(wo)(wo)国(guo)(guo)实心(xin)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)所采用的(de)(de)(de)标准(zhun)是(shi)(shi)《GB/T 21537-2008 锥(zhui)型(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)》和《HG/T 2866-2003 橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)》，充(chong)气式(shi)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)采用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)《CB-T 3948 船(chuan)用充(chong)气橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶靠球(qiu)》和ISO17357:2002 《High pressure Floating pneumatic rubber fenders》，而填(tian)充(chong)式(shi)漂(piao)浮橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)近(jin)几年才出现的(de)(de)(de)新产品(pin)，目前尚无国(guo)(guo)际标准(zhun)以及行(xing)业(ye)标准(zhun)。我(wo)(wo)国(guo)(guo)各类橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)标准(zhun)与国(guo)(guo)外相比并(bing)不(bu)落后(hou)，但生(sheng)产厂家执(zhi)行(xing)标准(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)参差(cha)不(bu)齐使(shi)产品(pin)良莠(you)不(bu)齐，这(zhei)给我(wo)(wo)国(guo)(guo)航(hang)运业(ye)和造船(chuan)业(ye)发展(zhan)带(dai)来隐患。她表示，在原材(cai)料中加入再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)胶可较好改善加工(gong)性能，而且符(fu)合绿色环保(bao)要求，至于加多少再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)胶会对(dui)产品(pin)质量(liang)(liang)和使(shi)用寿命产生(sheng)不(bu)利(li)影响，目前尚无定(ding)量(liang)(liang)分析数(shu)据，因此(ci)对(dui)使(shi)用再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)胶不(bu)能简单(dan)否(fou)定(ding)。但采用优越原材(cai)料是(shi)(shi)保(bao)证产品(pin)质量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)重要基(ji)础(chu)，这(zhei)点毋庸置疑。江苏锥(zhui)型(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)费用橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶护舷(xian)(xian)(xian)使(shi)用起来非常方便，可以提高船(chuan)舶(bo)运输效率和安全性。

鼓(gu)(gu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)是橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)的(de)一(yi)个种类，他主要是应用于码(ma)(ma)头等场(chang)所中(zhong)。TD-A型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)压(ya)缩变(bian)(bian)形(xing)后呈鼓(gu)(gu)形(xing)状态，又(you)称鼓(gu)(gu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)，zy12鼓(gu)(gu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)为鼓(gu)(gu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)的(de)第二代产品(pin)，应用普遍，具备以下(xia)特点：1、在反(fan)力不(bu)增加的(de)情况下(xia)，变(bian)(bian)形(xing)距离增大(da)13％，吸(xi)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)提(ti)高17％，单(dan)位(wei)(wei)反(fan)力吸(xi)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)比值(E/R·H)提(ti)高15％；2、在压(ya)缩型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)系(xi)列(lie)中(zhong)，鼓(gu)(gu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)单(dan)位(wei)(wei)重量(liang)吸(xi)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)高；护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)前(qian)沿设(she)有防冲钢(gang)架，从而有效(xiao)降低(di)作用于船舶傍板的(de)面压(ya)力，根(gen)据需要，面压(ya)力可(ke)达25吨/米(mi)2以下(xia)，特别(bie)(bie)适(shi)于大(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)船舶靠泊；由于单(dan)位(wei)(wei)反(fan)力吸(xi)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)高，特别(bie)(bie)适(shi)于外(wai)海码(ma)(ma)头的(de)需要，特别(bie)(bie)是墩式码(ma)(ma)头；5、在压(ya)缩型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)系(xi)列(lie)中(zhong)，鼓(gu)(gu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)倾斜压(ya)缩性能(neng)(neng)变(bian)(bian)化小；6、防冲钢(gang)架前(qian)安装PE贴(tie)面板，减小摩擦系(xi)数(shu)，使靠泊剪切力有效(xiao)降低(di)。

橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)发生损坏的(de)(de)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)：锚(mao)(mao)(mao)固及连接(jie)不(bu)良。这(zhei)(zhei)种情况在(zai)(zai)各类橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)中(zhong)都(dou)曾发生过。橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)有松动、离位、脱(tuo)落入海(hai)等(deng)非正(zheng)常现(xian)(xian)象。造成(cheng)这(zhei)(zhei)种现(xian)(xian)象的(de)(de)主要原因(yin)(yin)(yin)是锚(mao)(mao)(mao)固护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)或铁(tie)(tie)链等(deng)技(ji)术状况不(bu)好(hao)，或维修(xiu)保养(yang)没跟上所(suo)致。固定(ding)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)锚(mao)(mao)(mao)固螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、铁(tie)(tie)链等(deng)金(jin)属材料在(zai)(zai)海(hai)洋(yang)环(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)锈蚀极快，且不(bu)易更换，造成(cheng)橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)固定(ding)不(bu)良，进(jin)而(er)严重影响到护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)正(zheng)常使(shi)用。某些(xie)锚(mao)(mao)(mao)固螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)在(zai)(zai)设计(ji)上虽然考虑了(le)更换的(de)(de)条(tiao)件，但在(zai)(zai)实际(ji)使(shi)用中(zhong)却往(wang)往(wang)不(bu)太理想。如V型橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)锚(mao)(mao)(mao)固螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)，系预埋螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)盒(he)的(de)(de)形式。原设计(ji)意图是方(fang)便锚(mao)(mao)(mao)固螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)的(de)(de)维修(xiu)和更换，但在(zai)(zai)实际(ji)使(shi)用中(zhong)却因(yin)(yin)(yin)铁(tie)(tie)件锈蚀，螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)变(bian)形等(deng)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)无法更换，从而(er)影响到橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)固定(ding)的(de)(de)质量(liang)，造成(cheng)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)脱(tuo)落和损坏。橡(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)护(hu)舷(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)船舶进(jin)出港口时具有很好(hao)的(de)(de)缓冲作用，减少了(le)船舶与码头之间的(de)(de)冲击。

工程(cheng)(cheng)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷原(yuan)料硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)的(de)几大要素(su)如下：(1)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)：温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)是(shi)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)过程(cheng)(cheng)中较(jiao)重要的(de)控制(zhi)条件之一。橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)开始时(shi)(shi)，一般(ban)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)140℃-150℃范围内(nei)。但为了提高生产效(xiao)率，缩(suo)(suo)短硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)时(shi)(shi)间(jian)(jian)，温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)也(ye)可以控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)180±5℃范围内(nei)。(2)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)与硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)时(shi)(shi)间(jian)(jian)的(de)关系(xi)是(shi)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)每升高10℃硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)时(shi)(shi)间(jian)(jian)缩(suo)(suo)短一半(ban)，但也(ye)受以下因素(su)的(de)影响：由于(yu)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)不是(shi)良好的(de)导热(re)体，在(zai)(zai)较(jiao)厚的(de)产品(pin)(pin)中，即(ji)使在(zai)(zai)高温(wen)(wen)(wen)环(huan)境下，也(ye)很难使内(nei)外胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)同时(shi)(shi)平整。(3)各种橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)耐(nai)高温(wen)(wen)(wen)性能不同(天然(ran)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)需要低温(wen)(wen)(wen)长时(shi)(shi)间(jian)(jian)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua))，硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)会在(zai)(zai)一定程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)上影响橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)性能。(4)高温(wen)(wen)(wen)对工程(cheng)(cheng)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷中的(de)纤维有(you)破(po)坏作用(yong)，降抗制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)强度(du)。例如，如果三明治产品(pin)(pin)在(zai)(zai)240°C下连续(xu)加热(re)4小时(shi)(shi)，三明治就会被完全破(po)坏。因此，在(zai)(zai)选(xuan)择提高硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)温(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)时(shi)(shi)，必须考虑(lv)橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)种类、硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)体系(xi)、硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)工艺方法和(he)产品(pin)(pin)结构。橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷的(de)安装应当遵守相应的(de)技术规范，以确保(bao)其能够有(you)效(xiao)保(bao)护码头和(he)船(chuan)舶。拖轮橡(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷批(pi)发价格(ge)

由(you)于(yu)橡胶(jiao)护舷的高弹性，它可以承受撞击(ji)和擦洗(xi)，同时减少(shao)碰撞造成的损伤。江苏锥型橡胶(jiao)护舷费用

提高(gao)码头(tou)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷耐磨性(xing)(xing)的方法如下：a.选(xuan)择聚氨酯(zhi)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、天(tian)(tian)然(ran)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、丁二(er)(er)烯橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、丁苯橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、氯丁橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、丁腈橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)等耐磨性(xing)(xing)优异的产品作为码头(tou)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷原(yuan)材料(liao)。在(zai)一般(ban)磨损(sun)条(tiao)件(jian)下，主(zhu)选(xuan)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，在(zai)高(gao)温下主(zhu)选(xuan)丁苯橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，在(zai)苛刻条(tiao)件(jian)下(高(gao)速)主(zhu)选(xuan)丁二(er)(er)烯橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。b.添加粒子(zi)小(xiao)的活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭黑提高(gao)耐磨耗性(xing)(xing)的白色(se)填料(liao)较(jiao)好是20nm的白炭黑。c.软化剂(ji)被(bei)用(yong)作操作助剂(ji)以帮(bang)助填充(chong)剂(ji)分(fen)散，一般(ban)不主(zhu)选(xuan)超过5份。d.添加防老(lao)(lao)剂(ji)可以改善橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)材料(liao)的抗(kang)老(lao)(lao)化性(xing)(xing)能(neng)，间接提高(gao)耐磨性(xing)(xing)。在(zai)一般(ban)的环境条(tiao)件(jian)下，天(tian)(tian)然(ran)橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)中抗(kang)老(lao)(lao)化剂(ji)AW的耐磨损(sun)性(xing)(xing)较(jiao)好，其次(ci)是抗(kang)老(lao)(lao)化剂(ji)D4010和抗(kang)老(lao)(lao)化剂(ji)DH。江苏锥型橡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)胶(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)护舷费用(yong)